Reptiles and amphibians have long fascinated human observers; these mysterious creatures are prominent in the history, religion and mythology of many cultures. Although some people fear them, reptiles and amphibians are beneficial to humans and the environment. Sensitive indicators of environmental health and quality, their presence or absence can show if an area is healthy or potentially hazardous for wildlife and humans.

Key species in wetland and terrestrial habitats, they play important roles in the food chain. As predators, they help control populations of rodents and insects. Venom from some species of snakes has significant medical applications.

Unfortunately, populations of many reptiles and amphibians are declining. The causes include habitat loss, air and water pollution, global climate change, invasive species, exploitation by human beings and disease.