The 48-mile-long Panama Canal joins the Pacific and Atlantic oceans. Prior to the canal’s opening in 1914, shipping between the two coasts of the United States required a 14,000-mile journey around Cape Horn. Via the canal, the route is 6,000 miles. First attempt at a canal at the through the Isthmus of Panama was French-driven. It failed, with a loss of 21,900 lives of workers, primarily of disease. The United States launched the second attempt, with a further 5,600 deaths, and completed the project in 1914. Locks in the Panama Canal have a width of 110 feet and length of 1,000 feet. Canal tolls are based on vessel type, size, and type of cargo carried.