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Koele Mountain damselfly, 'Akala
Date Issued: 2010-09-01
Postage Value: 44 cents

Commemorative issue
Hawaiian Rain Forest
Koele Mountain damselfly, 'Akala

The general biology of Hawaiian damselflies is typical of other narrow-winged damselflies. The males of most species are territorial, guarding areas of habitat where females will lay eggs (Moore 1983a). During copulation, and often while the female lays eggs, the male grasps the female behind the head with his terminal abdominal appendages to guard her against rival males, thus males and females are frequently seen flying in tandem. In species with fully aquatic immature stages, females lay eggs in submerged aquatic vegetation or in mats of moss or algae on submerged rocks, and hatching occurs in about ten days (Williams 1936; Polhemus 1994b). In most species of Hawaiian damselflies, the immature stages (naiads) are aquatic, breathing though three flattened, abdominal gills, and are predacious, feeding on small aquatic invertebrates or fish (Williams 1936). Naiads may take up to 4 months to mature (Williams 1936), after which they crawl out of the water onto rocks or vegetation, molt into winged adults, which typically remain very close to the aquatic habitat from which they emerged.

There are two endemic species of raspberry growing in Hawai‘i, they are both called ´ākala. ´Ākala usually grows in the uplands. This shrub has stems, usually thornless, from five to fifteen feet long. It is edible and is from one to two inches long. It is crushed to make a pink dye. It's dye is used for clothing. Some people say the inner fibers of the stem cam be pounded into kapa. It may actually refer to its raspberry dye and not to the fibers. Ashes obtained by burning the stem as well as ashes of other plants used in treatment of dandruff. In conjunction with other ingredients, taken orally, it is used in treatment of burning chest pains and heart burn leading to vomiting.

Topic: Insects (60)  

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